What are the 6 levels of CEFR?
The Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) is a widely recognized standard for describing language ability. It provides a common basis for the recognition of language qualifications and sets the standards for language education. The CEFR is divided into six levels: A1 and A2, which are considered basic user levels; B1 and B2, which are independent user levels; and C1 and C2, which are proficient user levels.
At the A1 level, which is beginner or elementary, individuals can understand and use familiar everyday expressions and very basic phrases aimed at the satisfaction of needs of a concrete type. They can introduce themselves and others, can ask and answer questions about personal details such as where they live, people they know, and things they have. They can interact in a simple way provided the interlocutor talks slowly and clearly and is prepared to help.
At the A2 level, which is pre-intermediate, individuals can understand sentences and frequently used expressions related to areas of most immediate relevance (e.g. very basic personal and family information, shopping, local geography, employment). They can communicate in simple and routine tasks requiring a simple and direct exchange of information on familiar and routine matters.
At the B1 level, which is intermediate, individuals can understand the main points of clear standard input on familiar matters regularly encountered in work, school, leisure, etc. They can deal with most situations likely to arise while traveling in an area where the language is spoken. They can produce simple connected text on topics that are familiar or of personal interest.
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Understanding the CEFR Levels
At the B2 level, which is upper-intermediate, individuals can understand the main ideas of complex text on both concrete and abstract topics, including technical discussions in their field of specialization. They can interact with a degree of fluency and spontaneity that makes regular interaction with native speakers quite possible without strain for either party.
At the C1 level, which is advanced, individuals can understand a wide range of demanding, longer texts, and recognize implicit meaning. They can express themselves fluently and spontaneously without much obvious searching for expressions. They can use language flexibly and effectively for social, academic and professional purposes.
At the C2 level, which is proficiency, individuals can understand with ease virtually everything heard or read. They can summarize information from different spoken and written sources, reconstructing arguments and accounts in a coherent presentation. They can express themselves spontaneously, very fluently and precisely, differentiating finer shades of meaning even in the most complex situations.
FAQs about CEFR Levels
What is the best way to determine my CEFR level?
The best way to determine your CEFR level is to take a standardized language proficiency test, such as the TOEFL or IELTS, that is aligned with the CEFR levels. These tests assess your abilities in reading, writing, listening, and speaking, and provide a clear indication of your language proficiency level.
Do all language schools and programs use the CEFR levels?
While not all language schools and programs use the CEFR levels, they are widely recognized and implemented in many educational institutions and language learning programs across the world. It’s always a good idea to ask about a program’s alignment with the CEFR levels if you’re considering enrolling in a language course.
How long does it typically take to progress from one CEFR level to the next?
The time it takes to progress from one CEFR level to the next can vary greatly depending on individual factors such as language learning aptitude, the intensity of study, and the amount of time spent practicing the language. However, on average, it can take anywhere from 200 to 350 hours of study to progress from one level to the next.
